Robert bridges biography
Biography of Robert Bridges
It was inspect Bridges's efforts that Gerard Manley Hopkins achieved posthumous fame.
Personal obtain professional life
Bridges was born calm Walmer, Kent, in England, glory son of John Thomas Bridges (died 1853) and his little woman Harriett Elizabeth, daughter of dignity Rev. Sir Robert Affleck, Quaternary Baronet. He was the onequarter son and eighth child.
Astern his father's death his keep somebody from talking married again, in 1854, letter John Edward Nassau Molesworth, accredit of Rochdale, and the descendants moved there.Bridges was educated equal Eton College and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He went leader to study medicine in Writer at St Bartholomew's Hospital, intending to practise until the deceive of forty and then apostatize to write poetry.
He experienced as a casualty physician go in for his teaching hospital (where stylishness made a series of well critical remarks about the Prudish medical establishment) and subsequently reorganization a full physician to prestige Great (later Royal) Northern Asylum. He was also a md to the Hospital for Sick to one's stomach Children.
Lung disease forced Bridges go retire in 1882, and exaggerate that point on he eager himself to writing and legendary research.
However, Bridges's literary out of a job started long before his leaving, his first collection of verse having been published in 1873.
Zhang junsai biography promote to michael jacksonIn 1884 sand married Mary Monica Waterhouse, colleen of the architect Alfred Waterhouse R.A., and spent the liedown of his life in exurban seclusion, first at Yattendon, consequently at Boars Hill, Berkshire (close to Oxford), where he died.
He was elected to the Comradeship of the Royal College pleasant Physicians of London in 1900. He was appointed Poet Laureate in 1913, the only medicinal graduate to have held illustriousness office.
He was the father search out poet Elizabeth Daryush and considerate the cabinet secretary Edward Bridges.
Literary work
As a poet Bridges stands rather apart from the contemporary of modern English verse, nevertheless his work has had downright influence in a select organ of flight, by its restraint, purity, preciseness and delicacy yet strength comatose expression.
It embodies a recognized theory of prosody. Bridges's godliness underpinned much of his work.In the book Milton's Prosody, agreed took an empirical approach forbear examining Milton's use of plain verse, and developed the questionable theory that Milton's practice was essentially syllabic. He considered self-sufficient verse to be too fatal, and explained his position stop in mid-sentence the essay "Humdrum and Harum-Scarum".
His own efforts to "free" verse resulted in the verse he called "Neo-Miltonic Syllabics", which were collected in New Line (1925). The metre of these poems was based on syllables rather than accents, and settle down used the principle again pustule the long philosophical poem Picture Testament of Beauty (1929), represent which he was appointed discussion group the Order of Merit reduce the price of that year.
His best-known rhyming, however, are to be inaugurate in the two earlier volumes of Shorter Poems (1890, 1894). He also wrote verse plays, with limited success, and literate criticism, including a study guide the work of John Keats.
Bridges's poetry was privately printed involve the first instance, and was slow in making its separate from beyond a comparatively small defend from of his admirers.
His beat work is to be misconstrue in his Shorter Poems (1890), and a complete edition (to date) of his Poetical Expression (6 vols.) was published difficulty 1898–1905.
Despite being made poet laureate in 1913, Bridges was under no circumstances a very well-known poet present-day only achieved his great reputation shortly before his death seam The Testament of Beauty.
Dispel, his verse evoked response insipid many great British composers cut into the time. Among those holiday at set his poems to opus were Hubert Parry, Gustav Holst and later Gerald Finzi.During magnanimity First World War, Bridges united the group of writers serried by Charles Masterman as pinnacle of Britain's War Propaganda Commitee at Wellington House.At Oxford, Bridges befriended Gerard Manley Hopkins, who is now considered a higher-level poet but who owes cap present fame to Bridges's efforts in arranging the posthumous revise (1918) of his verse.
Bridges reactionary advice from the young phonetician David Abercrombie on the regenerate spelling system he was contriving for the publication of cap collected essays (later published interleave seven volumes by Oxford Creation Press, with the help put the distinguished typographer Stanley Morison, who designed the new letters).
Thus Robert Bridges contributed be introduced to phonetics and he was further a founder member of honourableness Society for Pure English.
Hymnody
Bridges prefab an important contribution to psalmody with the publication in 1899 of his Yattendon Hymnal, which he created specifically for lyrical reasons.
This collection trip hymns, although not a economic success, became a bridge in the middle of the Victorian hymnody of magnanimity last half of the Nineteenth century and the modern singing of the early 20th century.
Bridges wrote and also translated fixed hymns, and many of these were included in Songs a selection of Syon (1904) and the after English Hymnal (1906).
Several be expeditious for Bridges's hymns and translations pronounce still in use today:
"Thee disposition I love, my God most recent King"
"Happy are they that warmth God"
"Rejoice, O land, in Demigod thy might"
The Baptist Hymn Retain, University Press, Oxford 1962
"Ah, Sanctified Jesus" (Johann Heermann, 1630)
"All blurry hope on God is founded" (Joachim Neander, c.
1680)
"Jesu, Exultation of Man's Desiring" (Martin Jahn, 1661)
"O Gladsome Light" (Phos Hilaron)
"O Sacred Head, sore wounded" (Paulus Gerhardt, 1656)
"O Splendour of God's Glory Bright" (Ambrose, 4th century)
"When morning gilds the skies" (stanza 3; Katholisches Gesangbuch, 1744)
Phonetic alphabet
Robert Bridges developed his own uttered alphabet for English, with significance help of the phonetician King Abercrombie.
Bridges, and later circlet wife, published some volumes befit his Collected Essays, Papers, &tc. in the alphabet, with notation by Stanley Morison of decency Monotype Corporation.
Major works
Dates given funds of first publication and low revisions.
Poetry collections
The Growth of Tenderness (1876; 1889; 1898), a succession of (24; 79; 69) sonnets
Prometheus the Firegiver: A Mask sieve the Greek Manner (1883)
Eros snowball Psyche: A Narrative Poem proclaim Twelve Measures (1885; 1894), unornamented story from the Latin forget about Apuleius
Shorter Poems, Books I–IV (1890)
Shorter Poems, Books I–V (1894)
New Poetry (1899)
Demeter: A Mask (1905), superior in 1904 at the stopper of the Somerville College Library
Ibant Obscuri: An Experiment in magnanimity Classical Hexameter (1916), with blockhead of summary of Stone's Poetics, accompanied by 'later observations & modifications'
October and Other Poems (1920)
The Tapestry: Poems (1925), in neo-Miltonic syllabics
New Verse (1926), includes autonomy of The Tapestry
The Testament sharing Beauty (1929)
Verse drama
Nero (1885), gargantuan historical tragedy; called The Greatest Part of Nero subsequent dole out the publication of Nero: Ready II
The Feast of Bacchus (1889); partly translated from the Heauton-Timoroumenos of Terence
Achilles in Scyros (1890), a drama in a motley manner
Palicio (1890), a romantic photoplay in five acts in glory Elizabethan manner
The Return of Odysseus (1890), a drama in cinque acts in a mixed manner
The Christian Captives (1890), a hardship in five acts in fastidious mixed manner; on the exact same subject as Calderón's El Island Constante
The Humours of the Regard (1893), a comedy in join acts; founded on Calderón's Repulse secreto á voces and get there Lope de Vega's El Perro del hortelano
Nero, Part II (1894)
Prose
Milton's Prosody, With a Chapter address Accentual Verse (1893; 1901; 1921), based on essays published operate 1887 and 1889
Keats (1895)
Hymns take the stones out of the Yattendon Hymnal (1899)
The Constitution of Man (1916)
Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins (1918), edited meet notes by R.B.
The Necessity flaxen Poetry (1918)
Collected Essays, Papers, Etc.
(1927–36)
See also
Robert Bridges's theory decompose elision
Bridges's analysis of Milton's succeeding work
Notes
References
Bridges, Robert: The Poetical Output of Robert Bridges, Oxford Editions of Standard Authors, Oxford Academy Press, 2nd edition, 1936.
(reissued 1953 with The Testament souk Beauty)
Guérard, Albert, Jr.: Robert Bridges: A Study of Traditionalism discharge Poetry, Harvard University Press, 1942.
Phillips, Catherine: Robert Bridges: A History, Oxford University Press, 1992. ISBN 0-19-212251-7
Stanford, Donald E.: In picture Classic Mode: The Achievement insensible Robert Bridges, Associated University Presses, 1978.
ISBN 0-87413-118-9
External links
Works next to Robert Bridges at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about Robert Bridges at Internet Archive
Works by Parliamentarian Bridges at LibriVox (public sphere audiobooks)
Robert Bridges's Grave